User:Kiara/Memo

Using the plotters

Emulation is nice to save energy and prevent redundancy, you don't need a machine for every project because you can install that virtual machine on several systems. It is really convenient for testing purposes

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Get a virtual machine
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• Install virtualbox
• Create a New virtual machine
  • Give it a name and choose a folder to install the virtual machine in
  • ISO image = the Linux distro you want (look for it on distrowatch)
    • Debian: get it from debian.org > download > amd64.iso (arm64 for newest Macs)
    • Type is Linux
    • Subtype corresponds to the one chosen (Debian)
    • Version is the version of Debian
  • Set username and password
  • Choose the settings for system capacity and memory usage
  • Finish

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Get a graphical interface
-------------------------------

su
//enter password
apt install kde-plasma-desktop

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Print with pen plotters
-------------------------------

• Install python

su
//enter password
apt install python3.12-venv //or python3.11-venv

• Run venv

python3 -m venv
source bin/activate

• Install chiplotle

pip install chiplotle3

• Run chiplotle

chiplotle3

• Config file

• Print!

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Cowsay fortune telling
-------------------------------

sudo apt install cowsay
sudo apt install fortune
fortune | cowsay

To check the animal/character options of cowsay:

cowsay -l

Print cowsay fortune prompts into a txt file so you can save them, choose from them and copy/paste them elswhere (such as inkscape to print them with the plotters <3)

fortune | cowsay -f duck >> cowsay-fortunes.txt

Server

Installing Virtual Box

Virtual Box runs a virtual machine on a computer and allows to install and run a Linux distro.

To install it:

• Download Virtual Box https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
• Get the iso image of Debian https://www.debian.org/distrib/
• Set up the virtual machine using the "New" button (in Virtual Box)
• Follow the debian steps of configuration
  • domain name: leave empty
  • password: choose a password to log in you user
  • if it installs GNOME as Graphic User Interface by default and you don't like it, I recommend KDE Plasma that you can install by running the following commands:

su -
#enter your password
nano /etc/group
#look for sudo and add your username at the end of the line
exit
#log out and log in again, reopen the terminal and type:
sudo apt install kde-plasma-desktop

Then you can follow the steps from this website

Run a web server on the virtual machine

sudo apt install nginx php 8.2

Install a CMS

cd /var/www/html/
sudo wget https://github.com/flatpressblog/flatpress/archive/1.3.1.zip
sudo unzip 1.3.1.zip

sudo systemctl stop nginx
sudo apt install apache2
sudo systemctl apache2

In the browser: localhost/blog

cd blog
sudo chmod a+w fp-content/

MEMO FOR FLATPRESS
username: kiara
e-mail: hello@kajoudesign.eu

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If you wish to run a personal server on a Linux machine (not virtual): When installing Linux, in the "software selection (gui)" window, pick:

• web server
• ssh server
• standard system utilities

After installation complete, remove usb stick and wait to be prompted the username and password

Installation: mastodon instance

SSH to Debby

ssh xpub@145.24.152.64 //the hub IP is 10.0.0.19
enter password

Jump user

get your jump.pub ssh key from your local .ssh folder
paste the key into /.ssh/authorized_keys on Debby
add also your own personal .pub ssh key (not linked to cerealbox) in the same file

Edit the ssh config file

In your local .ssh folder, open the config file and duplicate the last cerealbox entry, then update information for Debby as follows:

Host debby
Hostname 10.0.0.19
User xpub
ProxyJump xvm_jump
Identityfile ~/.ssh/id_rsa [this last part should be the name of your personal ssh key file, mine is id_rsa but yours might be different]

for the local address:

Host debby_local
Hostname 145.24.152.64
User xpub
Identityfile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Packages installed

• tmux

Launch tmux:

one writes tmux new

others write tmux attach

Mastodon glitch-soc installation

Install Mastodon as a software

Following this Installation guide
This guide assumes a bunch of things are already installed, but if you don't have them on your system you will have to install them. We provide here additional guidance because we don't have anything installed. In order to use the installation commands from the guide, we need to log into the root with su and then run the commands

• After enabling corepack, the documentation doesn't say it but you should install yarn by just writing yarn in the terminal

adduser doesn't work? here's how to resolve it:
Unhide the adduser command using the following command:

sudo update-alternatives --install /bin/adduser adduser /usr/sbin/adduser 20

Then run again

adduser --disabled-password mastodon

• To login into the mastodon account for the Setting up Mastodon step, use:

su mastodon

• Installing Ruby: all the commands should be ran one by one!!! - make sure to be in the mastodon user as indicated by the tutorial
  

To resolve the problem about installing rbenv with jemalloc, we do:

exit # out of the mastodon user to go back to root
apt-get install libjemalloc-dev
su - mastodon
RUBY_CONFIGURE_OPTS='--with jemalloc' rbenv install 3.4.4
rbenv global 3.4.4

• Installing the last dependencies

Install bundler by running (in root)

apt install bundler
apt install gem

Then run the installation commands (in mastodon user):

bundle config deployment 'true'
bundle config without 'deployment test'
bundle install -j$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
yarn install

When this returns a "no such file or directory" error:

RAILS_ENV=production rails mastodon:setup

Navigate to the live folder and run:

bundle install
RAILS_ENV=production rails mastodon:setup

Setting it up
PostGreSQL host: /var/run/postgresql
PostGreSQL port: 5432
Name of PostGreSQL db: mastodon_production
Name of PostGreSQL user: mastodon
Password for PostGreSQL user:
Redis host: localhost
Redis ports: 6379
Redis password: [empty]
Store on the cloud? No
Send e-mails from localhost? No
SMTP server: smtp.mailgun.org (to reconfigure later, leave the following SMTP prompts empty by hitting enter)
Do you want Mastodon to periodically check for updates and notify you? Yes
Save configuration? Yes
Prepare database now? Yes
Compile the assets now? Yes (we will go back to that later cause it logged errors)
Create admin right away? Yes
Username: admin
E-mail: m.berends@hr.nl
Temp password: 4d8f2b592bcf974140cd85d59ad78a56

Switch back to root!

systemctl restart mastodon*

• Acquiring an SSL certificate:

Use the example.com commands, they will be editable later, but you should already have a (sub)domain name registered.
If encountering "An unexpected error" when trying to generate certificate, run

apt install python3-certbot-nginx

• Setting up nginx

If you get an error while running systemctl restart nginx to apply changes, ask Manetta for help

• Setting up systemd services

$EDITOR might not work, if that is the case, just replace it with nano or your preferred text editor

Finally, out of root:

sudo reboot now

Additional info:
The git repo of Mastodon is in /home/mastodon/live
To remove the "dubious ownership", we ran git config --global --add safe.directory /home/mastodon/live/.git

Add Glitch-Soc to the Mastodon installation

From this installation guide

If you encounter the HEAD detached error, you can fix it with:

git branch #to check where you are

We went back is previous steps to make sure that Mastodon services are well running:

cd /etc/systemd/system
systemctl status mastodon-web

We saw that Mastodon is not running, so we went into the log file:

journalctl | grep mastodon-web

With that, we discovered that there is a problem around the ruby installation so we went back to the Mastodon installation guide, to the ruby installation part and re-ran the commands one by one. But that didn't solve it... What we did to fix that is actually remove the .rbenv files and start again from the ruby installation.

mastodon-web is still not running: the xvm VPN IP address is blocked so we follow these steps:

cd mastodon/live
nano .env.production

at the end of the file, add the following lines:

RAILS_LOG_LEVEL=debug
LOG_LEVEL=silly

in the beginning:

LOCAL_DOMAIN=404.xpub.nl
WEB_DOMAIN=404.xpub.nl
systemctl restart mastodon*

Error logs from /var/log/nginx/:

2025/06/02 16:40:42 [error] 19943#19943: *1355 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.0.1, server: 404.xpub.nl, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.0", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:3000/favicon.ico", host: "10.0.0.19", referrer: "https://404.xpub.nl/"
2025/06/02 16:40:42 [error] 19943#19943: *1355 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.0.1, server: 404.xpub.nl, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.0", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:3000/500.html", host: "10.0.0.19", referrer: "https://404.xpub.nl/"

Error logs from journalctl -u mastodon-web.service -f:

Jun 02 16:46:46 debby bundle[22928]: E, [2025-06-02T16:46:46.036606 #22928] ERROR -- : [ActionDispatch::HostAuthorization::DefaultResponseApp] Blocked hosts: 10.0.0.19

Putting a server online

Do some Port Forwarding from the router's administration page to serve all internet traffic on the port 80 (for http) or 443 (https).
If you move out, the IP address changes so you have to update it in the DNS Zone...

To access you server's DNS Zone:

this is done from your registrar's admin panel

Subdomains

They can have their own CNAME record

RSS Feed

template.rss

To write an RSS feed manually

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0">
   <channel>
      <title>The Title</title>
      <link>The link to your rss feed</link>
      <description>Your description goes here</description>
      
      <item>
        <title>Item Title</title>
        <description>Item description</description>
        <link></link>
        <pubDate>Wed, 25 May 2025 12:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      </item>
   </channel>
</rss>

Generate an RSS feed for a handmade website

Put the URL of the website in https://rss-bridge.org/
Add a <a> tag in your website redirecting to the feed generated by the bridge website

Declaring fees to get a refund from HR

🤫🤫🤫🤫🤫