Human Computation (Slides) - Revision history

Michael Murtaugh: Michael Murtaugh moved page Human Computation to Human Computation (Slides)

2013-10-06T21:18:40Z

Michael Murtaugh moved page Human Computation to Human Computation (Slides)

← Older revision	Revision as of 23:18, 6 October 2013
(No difference)

Timo: /* Reading */

2012-10-01T13:24:52Z

Reading

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	[[Category:Slidy]]		[[Category:Slidy Presentations]]

Timo at 13:23, 1 October 2012

2012-10-01T13:23:52Z

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	http://www.google.nl/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=the%20pattern%20on%20the%20stone&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CCwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.rutgers.edu%2F~mdstone%2Fclass%2F503%2Freadings%2Fhillis-pattern.pdf&ei=nO9WUPDEHMaH0AXE_4HoBg&usg=AFQjCNGC507lQ2p_pxsCvGSOzC7xrLQfuw		http://www.google.nl/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=the%20pattern%20on%20the%20stone&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CCwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.rutgers.edu%2F~mdstone%2Fclass%2F503%2Freadings%2Fhillis-pattern.pdf&ei=nO9WUPDEHMaH0AXE_4HoBg&usg=AFQjCNGC507lQ2p_pxsCvGSOzC7xrLQfuw


			[[Category:Slidy]]

Michael Murtaugh: /* Pask on Computation */

2012-09-25T16:08:26Z

Pask on Computation

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	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Pask Goron Pask], Susan Curran, Microman (1982), p. 7		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Pask Goron Pask], Susan Curran, Microman (1982), p. 7
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>


	~~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Pask~~

	== Counting beans ==		== Counting beans ==

Michael Murtaugh: /* Pask on Computation */

2012-09-25T16:08:03Z

Pask on Computation

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	<p>This is not a book about computers. It is a book about the developing relationship between human beings and computers. We humans have shaped computers, and now computers are shaping us and our environment. [p. 2]</p>		<p>This is not a book about computers. It is a book about the developing relationship between human beings and computers. We humans have shaped computers, and now computers are shaping us and our environment. [p. 2]</p>

	<p>to vast numbers of computer programmers and operators the computer is a large, powerful, and sometimes exasperating calculating machine. But it is actually and potentially muchy more than that</p>		<p>To vast numbers of computer programmers and operators the computer is a large, powerful, and sometimes exasperating calculating machine. But it is actually and potentially muchy more than that</p>
	<p>A modern computer is very simple and very complicated, ~~simplye~~ because all it really does is add, subtract and compare, and complicated because all the tasks required of it must be reducible to these simple operations.</p>		<p>A modern computer is very simple and very complicated, simple because all it really does is add, subtract and compare, and complicated because all the tasks required of it must be reducible to these simple operations.</p>
	<p>		<p>
	Computing began with counting, and counting began with the realization that 'one' is different from 'two' or 'many' and that there is an important similarity between, say, 'two cows' and 'two sheep' and an important difference between 'two cows' and 'three cows'. Once quantity is divorced from quality it becomes possible to play with symbols of quantity (numbers) and thereby to calculate. Numbers can be manipulated in ways that objects cannot. What is the square root of a cow? The question is meaningless, but the square root of a number is meaningful in our system of mathematics. [p. 5]		Computing began with counting, and counting began with the realization that 'one' is different from 'two' or 'many' and that there is an important similarity between, say, 'two cows' and 'two sheep' and an important difference between 'two cows' and 'three cows'. Once quantity is divorced from quality it becomes possible to play with symbols of quantity (numbers) and thereby to calculate. Numbers can be manipulated in ways that objects cannot. What is the square root of a cow? The question is meaningless, but the square root of a number is meaningful in our system of mathematics. [p. 5]

Michael Murtaugh at 16:07, 25 September 2012

2012-09-25T16:07:26Z

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	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
			<p>This is not a book about computers. It is a book about the developing relationship between human beings and computers. We humans have shaped computers, and now computers are shaping us and our environment. [p. 2]</p>

			<p>to vast numbers of computer programmers and operators the computer is a large, powerful, and sometimes exasperating calculating machine. But it is actually and potentially muchy more than that</p>
			<p>A modern computer is very simple and very complicated, simplye because all it really does is add, subtract and compare, and complicated because all the tasks required of it must be reducible to these simple operations.</p>
			<p>
			Computing began with counting, and counting began with the realization that 'one' is different from 'two' or 'many' and that there is an important similarity between, say, 'two cows' and 'two sheep' and an important difference between 'two cows' and 'three cows'. Once quantity is divorced from quality it becomes possible to play with symbols of quantity (numbers) and thereby to calculate. Numbers can be manipulated in ways that objects cannot. What is the square root of a cow? The question is meaningless, but the square root of a number is meaningful in our system of mathematics. [p. 5]
			</p>
	<p>		<p>
	The modern computer is a 'black box'. The abacus user in contrast slides beads along wires at each stage of calculation and can see exactly what is going on. The history of computing is one of increasing delegation of control and increasing machine inscrutability. Every increase in automation has required a corresponding increase in man-machine communication. We have had to find ways of telling machines what to do, and when they have completed their obscure ballet, they have to tell us the result. They must interface with us at a practical level (we put something in, take something out) and at an intelligible level (they must make sense of what we put in, and we must understand what they put out).		The modern computer is a 'black box'. The abacus user in contrast slides beads along wires at each stage of calculation and can see exactly what is going on. The history of computing is one of increasing delegation of control and increasing machine inscrutability. Every increase in automation has required a corresponding increase in man-machine communication. We have had to find ways of telling machines what to do, and when they have completed their obscure ballet, they have to tell us the result. They must interface with us at a practical level (we put something in, take something out) and at an intelligible level (they must make sense of what we put in, and we must understand what they put out).
	</p>		</p>
	<p>		<p>
	Put at its simplest, a modern computer manipulates symbols by adding, subtracting and comparing them, and it does so via instructions known as a program.		Put at its simplest, a modern computer manipulates symbols by adding, subtracting and comparing them, and it does so via instructions known as a program. [p.7]
	</p>		</p>
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Pask Goron Pask], Susan Curran, Microman (1982), p. 7		[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Pask Goron Pask], Susan Curran, Microman (1982), p. 7

Michael Murtaugh at 13:10, 25 September 2012

2012-09-25T13:10:54Z

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	What is computation?		What is computation? What is counting?

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	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	<p>		<p>
	The modern computer is a 'black box'. The abacus user in contrast slides beads along wires at each stage of calculation and can see exactly what is going on. The history of computing is one of increasing delegation of control and increasing machine inscrutability. Every increase in automation has required a corresponding increase in man-machine communication. We have had to find ways of telling machines what to do, and when they have completed ~~tehir~~ obscure ballet, they have to tell us the result. They must interface with us at a practical level (we put something in, take something out) and at an intelligible level (they must make sense of what we put in, and we must understand what they put out).		The modern computer is a 'black box'. The abacus user in contrast slides beads along wires at each stage of calculation and can see exactly what is going on. The history of computing is one of increasing delegation of control and increasing machine inscrutability. Every increase in automation has required a corresponding increase in man-machine communication. We have had to find ways of telling machines what to do, and when they have completed their obscure ballet, they have to tell us the result. They must interface with us at a practical level (we put something in, take something out) and at an intelligible level (they must make sense of what we put in, and we must understand what they put out).
	</p>		</p>
	<p>		<p>

Michael Murtaugh at 09:39, 17 September 2012

2012-09-17T09:39:20Z

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	Understanding binary allows how to count much higher than just four using the fingers of one hand. The word "bit" is a shortened form of "binary digit", and the word "digit" is another name for a finger. If we think of a raised finger as a binary "1" and a lowered finger as a "0", imagine how high you could count with four fingers (much higher than just four). In other words, how many unique signs can you make using the four fingers of one hand (where you only either raise or lower each finger, independent of the others). How would you teach someone to systematically work through all of the possibilities? The question "how high can you count using all 10 fingers" could be rephrased, how many unique discrete states can you form using your hands by raising and lowering each finger independently.		Understanding binary allows how to count much higher than just four using the fingers of one hand. The word "bit" is a shortened form of "binary digit", and the word "digit" is another name for a finger. If we think of a raised finger as a binary "1" and a lowered finger as a "0", imagine how high you could count with four fingers (much higher than just four). In other words, how many unique signs can you make using the four fingers of one hand (where you only either raise or lower each finger, independent of the others). How would you teach someone to systematically work through all of the possibilities? The question "how high can you count using all 10 fingers" could be rephrased, how many unique discrete states can you form using your hands by raising and lowering each finger independently.

			== Reading ==

			Danny Hillis The Pattern on the Stone

			http://www.google.nl/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=the%20pattern%20on%20the%20stone&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CCwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.rutgers.edu%2F~mdstone%2Fclass%2F503%2Freadings%2Fhillis-pattern.pdf&ei=nO9WUPDEHMaH0AXE_4HoBg&usg=AFQjCNGC507lQ2p_pxsCvGSOzC7xrLQfuw

Michael Murtaugh: /* Binary */

2012-09-17T09:26:36Z

Binary

@@ Line 83: / Line 83: @@
 . When tapped on your shoulder, raise your hand.
 . When you get tapped and your hand is raised, tap the shoulder of the person next to you put your hand down.
 == Counting Exercise ==

Michael Murtaugh: /* Decimal */

2012-09-17T09:26:22Z

Decimal

@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 . When tapped on your shoulder, count.
 . When you get to 10, tap the shoulder of the person next to you and "zero" your count.
 == Binary ==